Raporo y’Ubukungu n’Imari y’Ubushinwa yashyizwe ahagaragara n’ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi cya Banki y’Ubushinwa, ivuga ko Ubushinwa bwohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga biteganijwe ko bugabanuka mu gihembwe cya kabiri cy’uyu mwaka.Ati: “Dufatiye hamwe, igabanuka ry'ibyoherezwa mu Bushinwa riteganijwe kugabanuka kugera kuri 4 ku ijana mu gihembwe cya kabiri.”“Raporo yagize ati.
Nk’uko iyi raporo ibigaragaza, mu Bushinwa izamuka ry’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga rizakomeza kuba intege nke mu 2023 bitewe n’ihindagurika ry’imiterere mpuzamahanga ya politiki n’ubukungu, ubukungu bwifashe nabi mu mahanga, kugabanuka kw'ibiciro ndetse no ku rwego rwo hejuru mu 2022. Ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu Bushinwa byagabanutseho 6.8 ku ijana ukurikije amadolari hagati Mutarama na Gashyantare guhera umwaka ushize.
Urebye abafatanyabikorwa bakomeye mu bucuruzi, inzira yo gutandukana mu bucuruzi bw’amahanga mu Bushinwa yariyongereye.Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza Gashyantare 2023, ibyoherezwa mu Bushinwa muri Amerika byakomeje kwiyongera nabi, bikamanuka ku kigero cya 21.8% ku mwaka, ibyo bikaba bingana n’amanota 2.3 ku ijana ugereranyije n’Ukuboza 2022. Ibyoherezwa mu bihugu by’Uburayi n’Ubuyapani byagabanutseho gato, ariko umuvuduko w’ubwiyongere. ntacyahindutse cyiza, kimwe -12.2% na -1.3%.Ibyoherezwa muri ASEAN byazamutse vuba, byihuta amanota 1.5 ku ijana ku mwaka ku mwaka kugeza kuri 9% guhera mu Kuboza 2022.
Urebye imiterere y'ibicuruzwa, ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga n'ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru biri hejuru, mu gihe ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bikomeza kugabanuka.Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza Gashyantare 2023, ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga n'ibikomoka kuri peteroli byiyongereyeho 101.8% na 27.5%.Ubwiyongere bwumwaka-mwaka bwikinyabiziga na chassis nibice byimodoka byari 65.2% na 4%.Umubare w’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga (ibice 370.000) wageze ku rwego rwo hejuru, wiyongereyeho 68.2 ku ijana ku mwaka, byagize uruhare hafi 60.3 ku ijana mu kuzamura agaciro k’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga.
Nk’uko iyi raporo ibigaragaza, kohereza mu mahanga ibikoresho byo mu nzu, ibikinisho, plastiki, inkweto n’ibicuruzwa bikomeje kugabanuka, kubera ko ubukungu bwateye imbere mu Burayi no muri Amerika bufite ibicuruzwa bidakenewe by’umuguzi bikenerwa, ibicuruzwa byangiza ibigo bikaba bitararangira, ndetse n’ibihugu bitanga ibicuruzwa nkibi nka Vietnam, Mexico na Ubuhinde byagize uruhare mu byoherezwa mu Bushinwa mu nzego zita cyane ku murimo.Bagabanutseho 17.2%, 10.1%, 9.7%, 11,6% na 14.7%, ayo akaba yari amanota 2.6, 0.7, 7, 13.8 na 4.4 ku ijana ugereranije no mu Kuboza 2022.
Ariko Ubushinwa bwohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga byari byiza kuruta uko byari byitezwe ku isoko, aho igabanuka ryagabanutseho 3,1 ku ijana guhera mu Kuboza 2022. Nk’uko raporo ibigaragaza, impamvu nyamukuru zatumye ibintu byavuzwe haruguru ari izi zikurikira:
Icya mbere, ibyifuzo mpuzamahanga nibyiza kuruta uko byari byitezwe.Mu gihe muri Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika ISM ikora PMI yagumye mu karere kagabanijwe muri Gashyantare, yazamutseho 0,3 ku ijana kuva muri Mutarama igera kuri 47.7 ku ijana, icyambere cyateye imbere mu mezi atandatu.Icyizere cy’umuguzi nacyo cyateye imbere mu Burayi no mu Buyapani.Uhereye ku gipimo cy’ibicuruzwa, kuva hagati muri Gashyantare, igipimo cyumye cya Baltique cyumye (BDI), igipimo cyo kohereza ibicuruzwa ku nkombe (TDOI) cyatangiye kumanuka.Icya kabiri, nyuma y’ibiruhuko gusubukura imirimo n’umusaruro mu Bushinwa byihutishijwe, guhagarika ingingo z’uruganda n’inganda zitangwa, kandi ibirarane by’ibicuruzwa mu gihe cy’icyorezo cy’icyorezo byarekuwe burundu, bitanga imbaraga mu kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze gukura.Icya gatatu, uburyo bushya bwubucuruzi bw’amahanga bwabaye imbaraga zingenzi zo kuzamura ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga.Umubare w’ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka mu gihembwe cya mbere cy’umwaka wa 2023 wari hejuru ugereranije no mu gihe kimwe cya 2022, kandi umubare w’ubucuruzi wa Zhejiang, Shandong, Shenzhen n’utundi turere twambere mu iterambere ry’ubucuruzi bushya bw’amahanga muri rusange bwari bufite a ugereranije no hejuru umwaka-ku-mwaka.Muri byo, ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga byinjira mu bucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka muri Zhejiang kuva muri Mutarama kugeza Gashyantare byiyongereyeho 73.2% umwaka ushize.
Raporo yemeza ko ubushinwa bwiyongera mu mahanga biteganijwe ko bugabanuka mu gihembwe cya kabiri, amahirwe yo kubaka akwiye kwitabwaho.Uhereye kubintu bikurura, gusana ibyifuzo byo hanze bifite gushidikanya.Ifaranga ry’isi rikomeje kuba ryinshi kandi hari byinshi bishoboka ko ubukungu bwateye imbere mu Burayi no muri Amerika buzamura igipimo cy’inyungu mu “ntambwe z’abana” mu gice cya mbere cya 2023, bikagabanya icyifuzo mpuzamahanga.Inzira yo gusenya ibihugu bikomeye byateye imbere ntirarangira, kandi igipimo cyo kubara-kugurisha ibicuruzwa byinshi muri Amerika biracyari ku rwego rwo hejuru y’ibirenga 1.5, byerekana ko nta terambere ryagaragaye ugereranyije n’impera za 2022. Muri ibyo gihe cya 2022, Ubushinwa bw’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga bwari hejuru cyane, aho umwaka ushize wazamutseho 16.3% muri Gicurasi na 17.1% muri Kamena.Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byazamutseho 12.4 ku ijana mu gihembwe cya kabiri.